Nigute wapima neza ibikoresho birinda?
Uburyo bwo gupima neza Ibikoresho birinda indwara?
Nakase agasanduku ka PLC ka $20,000 kuko nahisemo nabi SPD.
Napima buri SPD nkoresheje uburyo Uc yayo ikoresha voltage, Imax yayo ikoresha surge mbi cyane, kandi ikoresha ubushobozi bwo gupima amashanyarazi; hanyuma nkareba imibare itatu iri mu mbonerahamwe imwe.
Komeza usome nzakwereka imbonerahamwe kugira ngo udasubiramo ikosa ryanjye.
Impamvu Ikwiye SPD Ingano ni ingenzi?
Natakaje umunsi wose wo gukora ubwo SPD ya 40 kA yaturikiraga mu nkubi y'umuyaga ya 100 kA.
Iyo SPD ari nto cyane irashya; iyo ari nini cyane wishyura amafaranga menshi; ingano ikwiye ituma umurongo ukomeza gukora neza kandi umucungamari agatuza.
Igiciro Nyacyo cya SPD Zidafite Ubunini Bunini
SPD zitari nini cyane ntizitsindwa gusa; ahubwo ziratsindwa bikomeye.
Nabonye imwe iturika yohereza pulasitiki ishongeshejwe kuri sitasiyo ya basi.
Uruganda rwahagaze amasaha 14 mu gihe twari duhinduranyije igice cyose.
Inyemezabwishyu nyakuri yari $18.000 mu musaruro watakaye, ntabwo ari $200 ya SPD.
Igiciro cyihishe cya SPD nini cyane
SPD nini cyane zisa n'izitekanye, ariko zihenda cyane mbere kandi zirekura ingufu nyinshi.
Imashini ya 200 kA kuri serivisi ya 20 kA ifite ubwiyongere bw'izamuka.
Iyo 200 V yinyongera ishobora kwica 1.200 V PLC yinjizwa.
Wishyura kabiri: rimwe ku gasanduku kanini, rimwe ku ikarita ikaranze.
Uburyo nasuzuma "ingano ikwiye" mu bibazo bitatu
- Ni ubuhe bwiyongere bunini bushobora kugera hano?
- Ni voltage iyihe ishobora kubaho?
- Ni iyihe mibare y'amakuru ya SPD ikubiyemo byombi?
Niba nshobora gusubiza ibi bitatu, ingano ni nziza.
Ibipimo by'ingenzi bya SPD byasobanuwe: Uc, Imax, Iimp, na Up
Nakundaga kuvanga Imax na Iimp; umunsi umwe umugenzuzi yananiwe gukora igenzura ryanjye.
Nahisemo Uc ≥ system volts, Imax ≥ local surge, Iimp ≥ lightning class, na Up ≤ 80% by'ibikoresho bihangana; nandika imibare ine mu murongo umwe mbere yo kugura.
Uc - Voltage SPD ishobora kugumaho iteka ryose
Uc ni yo nomero nyamukuru.
Hitamo hasi cyane maze SPD ihinduka ngufi.
Hitamo hejuru cyane maze urwego rw'uburinzi rukazamuka.
Nkoresha Imbonerahamwe ya 1 kugira ngo nhuze voltage ya sisitemu na Uc ntoya.
| SystemVoltage (LL) | MinimumUc |
| Igice cyo kugabanyamo ibice cya 120/240 V | 150V |
| 208 Y/120 V | 150V |
| Delta ya V 240 | 255 V |
| 380 Y/220 V | 255 V |
| 480 Y/277 V | 320V |
Imax - Izamuka rikomeye cyane SPD ishobora kwihanganira rimwe
Imax ni umubare w'itsinda rimwe gusa.
Ndeba ikarita y'ubucucike bw'amatara yo mu gace.
Iyo ikarita igaragaza imirasire 8 kuri km², pima 100 kA.
Iyo ikarita igaragaza urumuri 4, mpa amanota kuri 60 kA.
Sinigera ngera munsi ya 40 kA ndetse no mu gace katarimo ibyago byinshi.
Iimp - Ikimenyetso cy'icyiciro cy'umurabyo
Imp ipimwa hakoreshejwe umuraba wa 10/350 µs.
Icyiciro cya mbere gikeneye 25 kA kuri buri giti.
Icyiciro cya kabiri gikeneye 12.5 kA.
Iyo serivisi ifite inkoni y'umurabyo, nongeraho Icyiciro cya I kuri metero.
Hejuru - Voltage isigaye ku mutwaro
Hejuru ni cyo PLC yanjye ibona.
Nfata amafaranga make cyane ahagije ingengo y'imari yemerera, ariko nyishyira munsi ya 80% by'urwego rw'ibikoresho bikoresha imbaraga.
2,000 V PLC ibona SPD ifite Hejuru ya ≤ 1,600 V.
Iyo insinga ari ndende, ndayishyira kuri 1.200 V kuko insinga yongeraho 200 V ubwayo.
Intambwe ku yindi y'ubuyobozi bwo gupima igikoresho cyawe kirinda indwara
Ndapima buri SPD ku rupapuro rumwe rwa A4.
Nuzuza udusanduku dutanu: volti za sisitemu, urugero rwa flash, uburebure bwa cable, ubushobozi bwo kwihanganira umutwaro, n'ingengo y'imari; hanyuma nsoma kode y'icyitegererezo yo mu nkingi ya nyuma y'imbonerahamwe yanjye yo gushakisha.
Intambwe ya 1 - Andika Voltage ya Sisitemu n'Imiterere yayo
Ndatangirana n'ikimenyetso cy'izina kiri ku gice cy'ingenzi cy'imashini.
Nandika: 480 Y/277 V, 3-phase, 4-thread.
Ibyo bimbwira Uc ≥ 320 V uhereye ku Imbonerahamwe ya 1.
Intambwe ya 2 - Shaka Ubucucike bwa Flash
Ndafungura ikarita ya NASA y'ubuntu hanyuma ngakanda ku ruganda rwanjye.
Ikarita ivuga ko hari imirasire 6 kuri km².
Ndimukira ku Imbonerahamwe ya 2.
| Ubucucike bw'umuraba | Incamake nto kuri buri buryo | Ishuri |
| 0–2 | 40 kA | II |
| 3–5 | 60 kA | II |
| 6–10 | 100 kA | Jye |
| >10 | 160 Nyuma ya Yesu | Jye |
Nhitamo 100 kA n'icyiciro cya mbere.
Intambwe ya 3 - Pima uburebure bw'insinga kuva kuri serivisi kugeza ku mutwaro
Ngendera mu nzira nkoresheje kaseti.
Iyo urugendo rurerure cyane, nongeraho SPD ya kabiri kuri sub-panel.
Insinga ndende zongeraho 10 V kuri metero imwe y'umuvuduko uterwa.
Intambwe ya 4 - Kugenzura ko ibikoresho bidashobora kwihanganira
Ndafungura igitabo cy'amabwiriza cya PLC.
Ivuga ngo “ingufu zihanganira 1.500 V”.
Nkuba na 0.8 hanyuma ngashyiraho ≤ 1,200 V.
Intambwe ya 5 - Hitamo icyitegererezo n'igiciro
Ndafungura urupapuro rwanjye rw'imbere rugaragara mu mbonerahamwe ya 3.
| Nimero y'Igice | Uc | Imax | Imip | Hejuru | Igiciro1kpcs |
| LKX-480-40 | 320V | 40 kA | 12.5 kA | 1,400V | $18 |
| LKX-480-100 | 320V | 100 kA | 25 kA | 1,100V | $28 |
| LKX-480-160 | 320V | 160 kA | 50 kA | 900V | $42 |
Umurongo wo hagati uhuye na buri gasanduku, bityo mpitamo LKX-480-100.
Intambwe ya 6 - Shyira urutonde hanyuma ushyireho akamenyetso ku itariki
Nongeyeho itariki yo kohereza kuri kalendari yanjye.
Nanone nashyizeho uburyo bwo kumenyesha abantu ko bazahinduranya imyaka itanu kuko n'abakoresha SPD beza bakuze.
Guhitamo SPD ku bikorwa bitandukanye: mu miturire, mu bucuruzi, no mu nganda
Mba mu nzu ifite ingufu za 120 V, mfite iduka rifite ingufu za 480 V, kandi mfite uruganda rufite ingufu za 22 kV.
Nhitamo 20 kA yo mu bwoko bwa 3 kuri firigo yanjye, 100 kA yo mu bwoko bwa 1+2 ku iduka ryanjye, na 160 kA yo mu bwoko bwa 1+2+3 ku ruganda; ubwoko bumwe, ameza amwe yo kureba, umurongo utandukanye.
Gutura - Koroshya kandi bihendutse
Inzu zigira ukwiyongera kwa 40 kA byibuze.
Nkoresha ubwoko bumwe bwa 2 kuri panel n'ubundi bwa 3 kuri televiziyo.
Igiciro cyose kiri munsi ya $60.
Ndacyasinzira iyo inkubi y'umuyaga itangiye.
Ubucuruzi - Kwishyura Umutwaro Uvanze
Amaduka afite amatara, HVAC, n'ibikoresho byo gusoma amakarita.
Nashyize Ubwoko bwa 1 kuri serivisi, Ubwoko bwa 2 kuri buri gice gito, na Ubwoko bwa 3 kuri POS.
Ndufite umuryango umwe wa Up bityo imiterere y'amabara irayongera, ntabwo ari intambara.
Inganda - Ibara Imirongo na Moteri
Moteri zisubiza V 1.500 mu murongo iyo zizimye.
Nongeraho RC snubber hamwe na SPD ifite 200 V margin kuri Hejuru.
Nanone nkoresha DIN-rail units kugira ngo mbashe kuzihinduranya imbonankubone; igihe cyo kuruhuka gitwara amafaranga menshi kurusha igice.
Uduce twihariye - Dufite akaga n'ubuvuzi
Mu bice bya Zone 2 biturika ntoranyamo SPD zidafite utwuma twangiza.
Mu bitaro nkoresha ibyuma bipima ubuziranenge bifite amazi arenga 0.5 mA asohoka hasi.
Imbonerahamwe ni imwe; inyito y'ibanze ni yo ihinduka gusa.
Umwanzuro
Ingano ya SPDs ifite imibare ine: Uc, Imax, Iimp, Up.
Fungura ameza, wuzuze udusanduku, hitamo umurongo, ntuzongera kugura agasanduku katari ko.
Nyoherereza icyapa cy'izina ry'ikirango cyawe hanyuma nzakoherereza igice gikwiye ejo.