Ibikoresho birinda imirasire y'izuba na PV bya DC na AC

Nabonye imishinga myinshi y'izuba inanirwa nyuma y'inkuba imwe, bityo nishingikiriza kuri Igikoresho cyo kurinda Surge guhagarika kwangirika mbere yuko bigera ku mapane na inverters.

A Igikoresho cyo kurinda Surge Ku mirasire y'izuba na sisitemu za PV birinda imiyoboro ya DC na AC inkuba n'ihindagurika ry'ikirere binyuze mu kuyobya imbaraga z'amashanyarazi zirenze urugero zijya hasi, bikarinda ko ibikoresho byangirika n'igihe bidakora neza.

Niba ushaka umusaruro uhamye, ikiguzi cyo kubungabunga giteganijwe, n'igihe kirekire cy'imikorere, gusobanukirwa uburyo DC na AC SPDs bikora ni intambwe ikurikiraho yumvikana.

Ni iki Igikoresho cyo kurinda DC Surge kuri sisitemu z'izuba

Akenshi nkunda guhura n'abaguzi basuzugura DC surges, kugeza igihe ikintu kimwe cyasenye inverter. Niyo mpamvu buri gihe ntangirana n'uburinzi bwa DC mbere na mbere.

Igikoresho cyo kurinda ingufu za DC mu mirasire y'izuba kigabanya ingufu za DC zidasanzwe mu miyoboro ya DC binyuze mu gufunga ingufu zigashyirwa hasi, kikarinda paneli za PV, insinga, na inverters.

Nakoze uburinzi bwa DC mfite igitekerezo kimwe cyoroshye: PV arrays ni ibyuma birebire kandi bigaragara. Bikora nk'antene mu gihe cy'imirabyo. Ndetse n'imirabyo itaziguye ishobora gutera volts ibihumbi mu migozi ya DC. Igikoresho cyo kurinda Surge Ishyirwa hafi ya array combiner cyangwa inverter DC input ikora nk'ingufu z'umutekano zihita zisubiza. Ntizihagarika inkuba, ahubwo ziyobora ingufu ziturutse ku bikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga bigezweho.

Mu mishinga nyayo, buri gihe ngenzura ibintu bitatu by'ibanze. Icya mbere, voltage ntarengwa ya DC y'urutonde mu gihe cy'ubukonje. Icya kabiri, ubwiza bw'ubutaka. Icya gatatu, uburebure bw'inzira y'insinga. DC SPDs zigira akamaro gusa iyo imbaraga zo hasi ari nke kandi inzira z'insinga zikaba ngufi. Ibi ni ingenzi mu kurinda insinga ku nganda no ku bisenge binini aho insinga zigenda ndende.

Nkurikije ubunararibonye bwanjye, amakosa menshi avugwa ko aterwa n’ “ubwiza bubi bwa inverter” mu by’ukuri nta mashanyarazi cyangwa mato cyane ya DC SPDs. SPD ikwiye mu nganda ku ruhande rwa DC igabanya cyane ikiguzi cyo gusimbuza no kudakora.

Ibikoresho birinda DC Surge ku bijyanye n'amashanyarazi ya PV n'ingufu zikomoka ku mirasire y'izuba

Akenshi mbwira abashinzwe amasoko ko DC SPDs atari ibikoresho by'ingenzi. Ni ibintu by'ingenzi birinda.

Ibikoresho birinda DC surge kuri sisitemu z'amashanyarazi ya PV n'izuba kurinda imigozi n'ibikoresho bya DC ku nkuba ziterwa n'inkuba n'ibintu bihindagurika mu bikoresho byo hanze.

Iyo nteganya uburyo bwo kurinda DC surge, nbanza kureba imiterere ya sisitemu. PV yo hejuru y'inzu, imiyoboro ishyirwa hasi, n'inganda zikora ibikoresho byose bikora mu buryo butandukanye mu gihe cy'ibiza. Igikoresho cyo kurinda Surge Gushyirwa mu gasanduku ka DC combiner bigabanya stress ku bikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga biri munsi y'umurongo. Muri sisitemu nini, nkunda gukoresha uburyo bwo kurinda buhuriweho na SPDs kuri array na inverter.

Hasi hari igereranya rifatika nkoresha iyo nhitamo DC SPDs:

Ubu buryo bukora neza ku mishinga ya SPD y’inganda aho igihe cyo gukora ari ngombwa. Bunagabanya amakimbirane ashingiye ku garanti kuko ibyangiritse ku bwinshi biragaragara ko bigabanuka.

Ingano y'amashanyarazi akoreshwa mu bikoresho bya DC Surge yasobanuwe

Buri gihe nibutsa abaguzi ko amakosa yo gupima amashanyarazi ari rimwe mu makosa ahenze cyane mu kurinda DC surge.

Ibipimo by'amashanyarazi akingira amashanyarazi ya DC bigomba kurenga ingufu ntarengwa za PV system open-circuit kugira ngo hirindwe ko byangirika vuba kandi ko uburinzi butazagenda neza.

Mu by’ukuri, ntabwo nigera nhitamo DC SPD ingana na voltage nominel. Ubushyuhe bugira ingaruka ku buryo bugaragara kuri voltage ya PV. Ubukonje bushobora gusunika voltage y’imigozi ikarenga cyane agaciro k’ikarita y’amazina. Niyo mpamvu nkunda urwego rw’umutekano rwa nibura 20%.

Dore uko nsanzwe nhuza amanota y'amashanyarazi:

Gukoresha amanota akwiye byongera ubuzima bwa SPD kandi bigatuma habaho imikorere ishoboka. Ibi ni ingenzi ku baguzi nka Jeff, bashaka ubwiza buhamye n'igiciro gito cyo gutunga.

Uburinzi bwa DC Surge kuri PV Panels na Inverters

Nshyira imbaraga nyinshi kuri inverter kuko ari yo ihenze cyane kandi ikora neza.

Uburinzi bw'amashanyarazi hagati y'amapaneli ya PV n'ama-inverter bugabanya ingufu z'igihe gito mbere yuko yinjira mu bikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga bya inverter, bikarinda kwangirika gukabije no kuzimya sisitemu.

Ukurikije amakuru yo mu murima, inyinshi mu ngorane za inverter ziba ku cyiciro cyo kwinjira kwa DC. Insinga ndende za DC zikusanya ingufu zituruka ku kwiyongera kw'amashanyarazi, kandi nta Igikoresho cyo kurinda Surge, inverter ifata icyuma gikubita. Buri gihe nshyira DC SPD hafi y'aho inverter ikorera.

Muri sisitemu za PV zigezweho zikoresha 1000V cyangwa zirenga, uburinzi buhuriweho ni ngombwa. SPD imwe kuri array ntabwo ihagije. Uburinzi bw'ibice bigabanya voltage isigaye kandi bukongera ubwizigame. Ubu buryo bukoreshwa cyane mu kurinda ingufu ku nganda aho igihe cyo kudakora kitemewe.

Imiterere y'inkingi y'ibikoresho birinda DC Surge

Nkunda kubona urujijo ku bijyanye n'inkingi, cyane cyane muri sisitemu za PV zigenda ziguruka ugereranyije n'izishingiye ku butaka.

Imiterere y'inkingi y'icyuma gikingira umuvuduko wa DC ishingira ku buryo sisitemu itera hasi n'uburyo icyuma giteranya imiyoboro y'amashanyarazi giteye, bigatuma inzira nziza, mbi n'iz'ubutaka zikingirwa neza.

Kuri sisitemu nyinshi za PV, 2P DC SPDs zirakunze kugaragara. Zirinda imirongo myiza n'imibi ku butaka. Muri sisitemu zigoye cyane, hashobora kuba hakenewe imiterere ya 3P. Buri gihe nemeza imiterere y'ubutaka mbere yo guhitamo bwa nyuma. Imiterere mibi y'inkingi igabanya ubushobozi bwo kurinda kandi yongera ibyago byo kwangirika.

Ibikoresho birinda AC Surge Ikoreshwa mu mirasire y'izuba

Mfata uburinzi bwa AC nk'umurongo wa kabiri w'ubwirinzi nyuma y'uburinzi bwa DC.

Ibikoresho birinda inverters, imiyoboro y'amashanyarazi, n'imizigo iva ku kwiyongera kw'amashanyarazi yinjira mu bikoresho cyangwa mu bikorwa byo guhinduranya ibikoresho imbere.

SPD za AC zitoranywa hashingiwe ku miterere y'amashanyarazi n'ibyiciro. Sisitemu zo mu rugo zikunze gukoresha SPD za 110V cyangwa 275V, mu gihe sisitemu z'inganda zikoresha ibikoresho bya 385V. Ku sisitemu z'ibice bitatu, imiterere ya 3P+NPE itanga uburinzi buringaniye.

SPD y'inganda ku ruhande rwa AC ntirinda gusa ibikoresho by'izuba ahubwo irinda n'imizigo ihujwe.

Uburyo bwo guhitamo Igikoresho cyo kurinda iburyo ku mirasire y'izuba

Guhitamo byoroshye kuko gukurura ibintu byinshi bitera amakosa.

Guhitamo igikoresho gikingira umuvuduko gikwiye bivuze guhuza ingufu z'amashanyarazi, ubwoko bwa sisitemu, aho ishyirwa, n'urwego rw'ibyago kugira ngo urinde neza igihe kirekire.

Buri gihe nsaba gukoresha ibikoresho byemewe bifite amanota meza kandi birinda ubushyuhe. Irinde kuvanga AC na DC SPDs nabi. Ibintu byinshi binanirana biterwa no gushyira AC SPDs kuri DC circuits. Gukorana n'umucuruzi usobanukiwe imyitwarire yo guhagarika ubushyuhe bigira ingaruka nziza.

Umwanzuro

Hitamo neza Igikoresho cyo kurinda Surge uyu munsi kugira ngo urinde ishoramari ryawe ry'izuba kandi ukomeze gukora neza ejo hazaza.

Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa

Q1: Ese koko sisitemu z'izuba zikeneye uburinzi bwa DC surge?

Yego. Imiterere ya PV igaragara cyane kandi DC surges ni imwe mu mpamvu zikomeye zituma inverter inanirwa gukora.

Q2: Ese SPD imwe ishobora kurinda imiyoboro ya AC na DC?

Oya. Imiyoboro ya AC na DC isaba imiterere n'amanota ya SPD atandukanye.

Q3: Igikoresho cyo kurinda isuri kigomba gusimbuzwa kangahe?

Biterwa n'uko amazi yagaragaye ku ntera, ariko igenzura rihoraho risabwa buri mwaka.

Q4: Ese amanota ya kA ari hejuru ahora ari meza kurushaho?

Si buri gihe. Igomba kuba ijyanye n'ibyago bya sisitemu n'aho ishyirwa.

Ikibazo cya 5: Ese gusimbuza nabi bishobora kugabanya imikorere ya SPD?

Yego. Ubwiza bw'ubutaka bugira ingaruka zitaziguye ku mikorere myiza y'ingufu zo kunyura mu kirere.