Igisobanuro cy'amashanyarazi cya SPD n'impamvu ari ingenzi mu kurinda indwara z'izuba

Akenshi numva mfite stress iyo mbonye sisitemu z'amashanyarazi zikora nta gikoresho gikwiye cyo kurinda ingufu kuko nzi ko umuvuduko umwe ushobora gufunga amazu n'inganda ako kanya.

Igisobanuro cy'amashanyarazi cya SPD ni igikoresho gihindura imirasire y'amashanyarazi ikagera hasi ku buryo umuraba udashobora kwangiza ibikoresho. Kirinda sisitemu z'amashanyarazi inkuba, imirasire ihindagurika, imiyoboro y'amashanyarazi, n'imiraba y'imbere iba buri munsi mu ngo, mu nyubako z'ubucuruzi, no mu nganda.

Uko sisitemu z'amashanyarazi zigenda zirushaho kuba ingorabahizi, buri gihe nsanga gusobanukirwa SPD ari yo ntambwe ya mbere yo kubaka gahunda yizewe yo kurinda. Reka rero nsobanure buri ngingo y'ingenzi mu buryo busobanutse kandi bufatika.

Uburyo icyuma gikingira 220 Surge kirinda kwangirika mu mikoreshereze y'amazu n'inganda

Numva ntamerewe neza igihe cyose mbonye sisitemu ya 220 V idafite uburinzi bukwiye, kuko amazu n'inganda byombi bifite imizigo ikomeye ishobora kwangirika byoroshye iyo habayeho ukwiyongera gutunguranye.

Imashini irinda amashanyarazi ya 220 irinda kwangirika ikoresheje imbaraga zirenze urugero ikanazisubiza inyuma mbere yuko zigera ku bikoresho cyangwa ku bikoresho. Ituma umurongo uhagarara neza, ikarinda inkuba, kandi ikagabanya imbaraga zikunze kugaragara mu ngo no mu nganda.

Iyo nkorana n'abashinzwe amasoko cyangwa injeniyeri z'amashanyarazi, nkunda gusobanura ko sisitemu ya 220 V ari imwe mu ntera z'amashanyarazi zikunze kugaragara cyane ku isi. Ibi bivuze kandi ko ari imwe mu ngingo zoroshye zo gucika intege k'amashanyarazi iyo Igikoresho cyo kurinda Surge ibura. Nabonye inganda zitakaza moteri, PLC, na sensor kubera ko zari zizeye cyane grid.

Mu bikorwa byo mu ngo, abakoresha benshi batekereza ko inkuba ari yo yonyine itera kwangirika. Ariko, nagerageje sisitemu nyinshi kandi nasanze 80% by'imivumbi nyayo ituruka imbere mu nyubako—biterwa n’ibikoresho bikonjesha, pompe, na firigo bifungura kandi bikazimya. Uburyo bworoshye bwo kurinda ingufu za 220 bugabanya ubu bushyuhe bw’imbere kandi bugatuma ibikoresho bigumana umutekano.

Mu nganda, ingufu zikoreshwa mu gushyushya zirushaho kuba nyinshi kuko imizigo iba iremereye. Moteri, ibyuma bishyushya induction, n'ibikoresho byo gusudira bitanga uburyo bwo guhindura ibintu bunini cyane. Rero buri gihe nsaba ko habaho uburyo bwo guhindura ibintu bukoreshwa mu nganda. SPD y'inganda hamwe n'igipimo cyo hejuru cy'ubwiyongere bw'amashanyarazi ku mashami, ibyumba bya CNC, cyangwa inganda nto zikora ku mirongo ya 220 V.

Dore igereranya ryihuse nkunda gukoresha iyo nigisha abatekinisiye bashya:

Iyi mbonerahamwe yoroshye ifasha abaguzi guhitamo ubwoko bukwiye vuba no kwirinda gukoresha amafaranga menshi cyangwa kudatanga ubwunganizi buhagije.

Gusobanukirwa uburyo bwo kurinda indwara zo mu bwoko bwa Surge mu cyesipanyoli ku bakoresha isi yose

Buri gihe numva mfite inshingano iyo nfasha abakiriya bavuga Icyesipanyoli, kuko ibisobanuro bisobanutse neza byemeza ko bahitamo uburyo bukwiye bwo kurinda insinga cyangwa amazu.

Uburinzi bw'ingufu mu cyesipanyoli busobanurwa hakoreshejwe amagambo nka "dispositivo de protección contra sobretensiones (SPD)" na "pararrayos," asobanura uburyo igikoresho gisubiza inyuma amashanyarazi akabije kandi kikarinda sisitemu z'amashanyarazi mu ngo, mu bucuruzi no mu nganda.

Kubera ko ikigo cyanjye cyohereza mu mahanga Igikoresho cyo kurinda Surge ibicuruzwa bijya muri Esipanye, Megizike, Shili, n'andi masoko avuga Icyesipanyoli, namenye ko abaguzi benshi bagorwa n'itandukaniro riri hagati ya "SPD," "protector contra sobretensiones," na "pararrayos." Rero buri gihe mbigabanya mu mvugo yoroshye.

Mu cyesipanyoli, ijambo ryuzuye ry’ikoranabuhanga ni:
Igikoresho cyo Kurinda Ubushyuhe (SPD)
Ibi bivuga igikoresho kimwe cyo kurinda umuvuduko w'amazi gikoreshwa ku isi yose.

Ku rundi ruhande, ijambo inkoni y'inkuba akenshi yerekeza ku kintu gifata inkuba cyo hanze, ntabwo ari SPD iri imbere mu nyubako. Abaguzi benshi bavanga aya magambo, bityo buri gihe nsobanura itandukaniro kugira ngo nemeze neza ko bashyizeho ibikoresho bikwiye.

Dore imbonerahamwe yoroshye yo gusobanura indimi ebyiri nsangira n'abashinzwe amasoko ku isi:

Iyo nsobanuye uburyo bwo kurinda umuvuduko w’amashanyarazi nkoresheje ururimi rwabo bwite, abakiriya barushaho kwizera uburyo bwo gukoresha. Ibi bifasha gukumira ko ibikoresho bidahuye, kimwe mu bintu bibabaza cyane abaguzi ku isi.

Kuki ABB Urinda Ubushyuhe Yizewe muri sisitemu z'amashanyarazi z'inganda

Numva mfite icyizere iyo mbonye ABB surge protector mu nganda kuko ubuziranenge bwayo n'ibipimo byayo byujuje ibyo inganda zikora ku isi ziteze.

Uburinzi bwa ABB bwo kuzamuka bw’amashanyarazi burizewe kuko butanga ubushobozi bukomeye bwo gucunga ingufu, uburyo bwo guhagarika ubushyuhe bwizewe, ibyemezo mpuzamahanga, ndetse n’uburyo abakoresha inganda bishingikirizaho mu kurinda ibikoresho by’ikoranabuhanga.

Iyo abashinzwe amasoko bagereranije ibirango bitandukanye bya SPD by’inganda, mpora mbona ko ABB igaragara buri gihe ku rutonde rwabo rw’abagomba gutorwa. Impamvu ni iyoroshye: iki kigo gifite izina rinini mu gukwirakwiza ingufu, kandi SPD zacyo zikurikiza amahame akomeye yo gupima.

Ariko nanone ndasobanura ko ABB atari yo yonyine ikwiriye—ibirango nka gusiganwa ku maguru (ikigo cyanjye) gitanga ibikoresho bitanga umusaruro mwiza ku giciro cyiza, ibyo bikaba ingenzi ku bigo byibanda ku kugabanya TCO. Nubwo bimeze bityo, umwanya wa ABB ku isoko ufasha abakiriya gusobanukirwa uko "ubwiza" bumeze.

Dore uko ABB isanzwe igereranywa n'abandi batanga serivisi:

Nubwo abaguzi bahitamo ikirango cyanjye, mbashishikariza gukoresha urwego rw'imikorere ya ABB nk'igipimo. Bituma ibyo niteze birushaho kuba byiza kandi bigafasha kubaka icyizere cy'igihe kirekire hagati y'umucuruzi n'umukiriya.

Iyo hakenewe igikoresho cyo kurinda ingufu z'amashanyarazi menshi ku bikoresho biremereye

Buri gihe mba maso iyo mbonye moteri zifite ingufu nyinshi cyangwa transformateur zikora nta burinzi bukwiye bw’ingufu kuko ingufu z’ingufu kuri izi nzego zishobora kwangiza ibikoresho mu masegonda make.

Ingufu zo kurinda ingufu z’amashanyarazi zirenze urugero zisanzwe zikoreshwa mu gukwirakwiza ... (voltage) mu buryo busanzwe, kandi zigahura n’ingaruka zikomoka ku nkuba, guhindura transformer, gutangiza moteri, ndetse no guhungabanya imikorere y’amashanyarazi birengeje ubushobozi busanzwe bwa SPD.

Iyo ngenda mu nganda z'ibyuma, mu bucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro, cyangwa mu nganda zikoresha ingufu nyinshi, ikintu cya mbere ngenzura ni igice cy'amashanyarazi menshi cyinjiramo. Kuri izi ntera—3 kV, 6 kV, 10 kV, cyangwa irenga—ingufu zituruka ku muvuduko w'amashanyarazi ziba zikomeye cyane. SPD isanzwe ntishobora kuyihanganira.

Ibikoresho biremereye nka compressors, pompe nini, ascenseur, n'imashini zisya bitanga imirasire y'imbere isubira muri sisitemu. Iyo hatabayeho gufunga umuvuduko w'amashanyarazi menshi, iyi mirasire yangiza buhoro buhoro insulation kandi ikagabanya igihe cyo kumara ibikoresho.

Ubusanzwe ntanga amategeko atatu yoroshye yo gufata icyemezo niba ukeneye SPD ifite voltage nyinshi:

1. Niba ukoresha moteri zirengeje 100 HP — yego

2. Niba inkuba igaragara cyane — yego

3. Niba igihe cyo kuruhuka gitwara amafaranga menshi kuruta uburinzi — yego rwose

Aya mategeko yoroshye afasha abashinzwe amasoko kwemeza icyemezo vuba.

Guhitamo igikoresho gikwiye cyo kurinda amashanyarazi

Buri gihe numva mfite icyizere iyo SPD iri imbere mu gice cy’amakuru ihuye n’imiterere ya sisitemu, kuko guhitamo nabi bishobora gutuma urunigi rwose rw’uburinzi rudakora neza.

Igikoresho gikingira ingufu gikwiye ku gikoresho cy’amashanyarazi gitoranywa hakurikijwe igipimo cy’amashanyarazi gihuye, urwego rwa SPD, ubushobozi bw’amashanyarazi akoreshwa mu gushyuha, n’aho gishyirwa. Ibi bituma igikoresho gishobora kwakira imirambo no kurinda imizigo iri hasi mu mutekano no mu buryo bwizewe.

Iyo mbyubaka cyangwa nsuzuma imiterere y'amapaneli, buri gihe ntangirira ku by'ibanze: imiterere y'urusobe rw'amakuru, ubwoko bw'ibikoresho, n'amateka y'amakosa. Ibi bintu bimfasha guhitamo icyiciro cyiza cya SPD.

Urugero:

• Icyiciro cya mbere ku buryo bworoshye bwo gukubita inkuba cyangwa hanze

• Icyiciro cya kabiri ku bikoresho byinshi by'amashanyarazi byo mu nganda

• Icyiciro cya gatatu ku bikoresho byoroheje nka mudasobwa na PLC

Nanone nkunda SPD zifite modules zishobora gusimburwa, kuko zigabanya igihe cyo kuzisana kandi zikagabanya ikiguzi cy'igihe kirekire. Ibi ni ingenzi cyane ku baguzi nka Jeff, bita ku gutanga ibicuruzwa mu buryo buteganyijwe, ubwiza buhamye, ndetse na TCO nkeya.

SPD yatoranijwe neza ihindura igice cy'amashanyarazi mo umurongo ukomeye wo kwirwanaho, bigabanya kwangirika no gutuma umurongo w'umusaruro ukomeza gukora nta nkomyi.

Umwanzuro

Ingamba yizewe yo kurinda ibikoresho bikoreshwa mu gushyuha kw'amashanyarazi irinda ibikoresho, igabanya igihe cyo kudakora neza, kandi igatuma buri sisitemu y'amashanyarazi ikora neza—bityo rero shora imari mu kurinda ibikoresho bikoreshwa mu gushyuha kw'amashanyarazi mbere yuko ikindi kigera.