Kuva ku gushyiraho kugeza ku kubungabunga, ibi bisobanuro ntibigomba kwirengagizwa

Mu buryo bwa none bw'amashanyarazi, ibikoresho bikingira ingufu (SPD) ni nk'"ubwishingizi" ku bikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga. Ariko se wari ubizi? Iki gikoresho gisa n'icyoroshye, iyo gishyizwemo cyangwa kidakoreshejwe neza, ntikibasha gutanga uburinzi gusa ahubwo gishobora no guteza akaga mu mutekano. Uyu munsi, reka tuvuge ku ngaruka n'ingaruka zo gukoresha SPD.

1.SPD: Itsinda "ikoti ritagwa amasasu"y'ingufu z'amashanyarazi

Tekereza ko iyo inkuba ikubise insinga z'amashanyarazi ziri hafi aho cyangwa ibikoresho binini bitangiye gutya, hazabaho imivuduko ya voltage nyinshi ako kanya mu muyoboro w'amashanyarazi. "Ingufu nyinshi" nk'izo zishobora gutuma ibikoresho bitangira gukora neza kandi bigatwika amadirishya y'amashanyarazi mu buryo butaziguye. Inshingano ya SPD ni ukujyana izo ngufu ziteje akaga ku butaka mu masegonda make.

Muri iki gihe, SPDs ziri ku isoko zigabanyijemo ubwoko butatu:

Uburinzi bukabije (Ubwoko bwa 1):Ishyizwe ahantu hanini ho kwinjira mu nyubako hakoreshwa amashanyarazi, by’umwihariko ikoreshwa mu guhangana n’inkuba.

Uburinzi bw'uburinganire (Ubwoko bwa 2):Bikwirakwizwa mu dusanduku dutandukanye two gukwirakwiza, bikemura ibibazo by’izamuka ry’ibisigazwa nyuma yo gukingirwa by’ibanze.

Uburinzi bworoheje (Ubwoko bwa 3):Kurinda ibikoresho by'agaciro ku giti cyabyo, nk'aho amashanyarazi ahagarara kuri seriveri.

2.Itsinda "imiterere ikwiye"yo gushyiraho SPD

2.1 "Isuzuma mbere yo gushyiramo"

- Ubwa mbere, reba "ikarita y'indangamuntu ya SPD": voltage ifite amanota n'voltage ntarengwa yo gukora bigomba kuba bihuye n'umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi wawe.

- Guhitamo aho ibintu biherereye ni ingenzi: urwego rwa mbere rw'uburinzi rugomba kuba hafi y'aho icyuma gifungurira, urwego rwa kabiri mu gasanduku gakwirakwizwamo ibikoresho, naho urwego rwa gatatu byaba byiza rutarenze metero 1.5 uvuye ku bikoresho birinzwe.

- Insinga yo hasi igomba kuba "ngufi, nini kandi igororotse": uburebure bwayo bugomba kugenzurwa muri metero 0.5. Gufunga nk'umurongo wa telefoni mu ruziga ntibyemewe.

2.2 Intambwe ku yindi y'ubuyobozi bwo gushyiraho

Umutekano Mbere na mbere:Buri gihe banza uzimye umuriro! Ntugatinye kubikora. Gukoresha umuriro ucanye si ikintu cyoroshye.

Urukurikirane rw'insinga:Banza uhuze insinga yo hasi (PE), hanyuma uhuze insinga idafite aho ibogamiye (N), hanyuma uhuze insinga ikora (L).

Uburyo bwo guhuza ibintu mu buryo bunyuranye ni ingenzi:Wibuke ko SPD "ihujwe mu buryo bungana" muri circuit. Ntukigere uyihuza mu buryo bukurikiranye.

Iyemeza rya nyuma:Umaze kuyicana, reba amatara y'ikimenyetso. Icyatsi kibisi kigaragaza imikorere isanzwe, mu gihe umutuku ugaragaza ko igomba gusimburwa.

Icyitonderwa:Niba intera iri hagati y’ibice bya SPD by’ibanze n’ibya kabiri iri munsi ya metero 10, nyamuneka shyiramo inductors zo gukuraho. Iki giciro ntigishobora kwirengagizwa.

3."Ibirombe bya mine"mu mikoreshereze n'ingamba zo kurwanya

3.1 Itsinda "ibintu bitatu by'ingenzi"yo kubungabunga buri munsi

- Igenzura rihoraho ni ngombwa: Nibura rimwe mu kwezi, reba itara ryerekana uko ibintu bimeze rya SPD ndetse urebe niba aho umurongo uhurira hari hadafunguye.

- Gupima abaganga b'inzobere birakenewe: Buri mwaka, koresha umuhanga mu gukoresha ibikoresho byihariye mu isuzuma. Ibipimo byo mu rugo ntibishobora gutanga ibisubizo nyabyo.

- Gusimbuza bigomba gukorwa vuba: Nubwo SPD isa n'aho imeze neza nyuma yo gukubitwa n'inkuba, igomba gusimburwa kuko ishobora kuba yangiritse imbere.

3.2 Guhuza n'ibidukikije

Mu "bidukikije bikomeye" nko mu bimera bya shimi cyangwa hafi y'inyanja, SPD isanzwe ishobora kudamara n'umwaka umwe. Muri ibyo bihe, umuntu agomba guhitamo "version igezweho" ifite agasanduku gakingira ingese. Nubwo ihenze cyane, iracyahendutse kurusha izindi zisimburwa kenshi.

3.3 Ibitekerezo Bisanzwe Bitari byo

Igitekerezo kitari cyo: "Ishobora gukoreshwa ubuzima bwose nyuma yo kuyishyiraho"

Ukuri: Utuzu duto two kwirinda igitutu muri SPD tuzagenda dusaza buhoro buhoro kandi tugomba gusimburwa nyuma y'imyaka 3 kugeza kuri 5.

Igitekerezo kitari cyo: “Uko bihenze cyane, ni ko byiza kurushaho”

Ukuri: Icy'ingenzi ni ukumenya neza ko ibipimo bihuye. Gushyiramo SPD ifite amanota ya 380V kuri circuit ya 220V yo mu rugo mu by'ukuri ni akaga gakomeye kurushaho.

4.Ingamba zo kurinda ibintu bitandukanye

4.1 Abakoresha bo mu rugo

Shyiramo gusa ubwoko bwa 2 SPD mu gasanduku ko gukwirakwiza. Wibuke gutanga icyuma gikingira ingufu ku bikoresho by'agaciro.

4.2 Amahugurwa y'uruganda

Ku bikoresho "by'agaciro" nka frequencing converters na PLCs, ni byiza kugira uburinzi bubiri bwa Type 2 na Type 3.

4.3 Ibigo by'amakuru

Ni ngombwa gukoresha uburyo bwo “kurindwa kw’ibice bitatu”. Byaba byiza kurushaho iyo imiterere ya SPD igenzurwa kure.

5.Icyo wakora niba hari'ikibazo?

Niba ugikubitwa n'inkuba ndetse na nyuma yo gushyiraho igikoresho cya SPD, ntugahite ushinja uwagikoze. Kurikiza izi ntambwe kugira ngo ukemure ikibazo:

• Reba niba idirishya ry'ikimenyetso cya SPD ryahindutse umutuku.

• Pima niba ubushobozi bwo guhangana n'ubutaka burenze urugero.

• Genzura niba imirongo iri hagati y'ibikoresho birinzwe na SPD ari miremire cyane.

Umwanzuro

Umutekano w'amashanyarazi si ikintu gito. Sisitemu nziza ya SPD ni nko kugura "ubwishingizi bw'ubuzima" bw'ibikoresho. Ariko, uko ubwishingizi bwaba bwiza kose, bukenera "ibizamini by'umubiri" buri gihe kugira ngo bukore. Niba ugifite ibibazo ku bijyanye no guhitamo cyangwa gushyiraho SPD, ni byiza kuvugana n'umuhanga mu by'imashini. N'ubundi kandi, umutekano w'amashanyarazi ntushobora kuba mubi.