Ese Surge Protector izakora nta butaka?

Intangiriro

Mu myaka myinshi twamaze dukorana n'abakoresha surge protector, twabonye ko abantu benshi bahangayikishijwe no gushyira hasi. Ikibazo kimwe twumva buri gihe ni iki: “Ese igikoresho cyo kurinda umuvuduko w’amazi kizakomeza gukora niba nta butaka bufite?” "Abantu benshi bumvise ikintu nk'iki, "Ukeneye gushingiraho kugira ngo gikore neza."

Kandi mu buryo bw'umwuga, ibyo ni ukuri. Ariko iyo tubitekerejeho ku ruhande rw'umukoresha, biroroshye kubona impamvu ibi bishobora gutera urujijo. Gutera hasi akenshi bikorwa n'abakora amashanyarazi mu gihe cyo gushyiraho, kandi abantu benshi ntibazi neza niba aho basohokera hari hasi koko—cyangwa se icyo gutera hasi bivuze. Hejuru y’ibyo, ubwoko butandukanye bw’ibikoresho birinda imirasire—nk’ibishyirwa ku rukuta, amashanyarazi, cyangwa imiterere ishyirwa ku mapine—bifite uburyo butandukanye bwo guhuza ubutaka. 

None se, igikoresho cyo kurinda umuvuduko w'amashanyarazi kigomba gushyirwa ku butaka kugira ngo kirinde ibikoresho byawe? Cyangwa se iracyashobora gufasha nubwo hatabayeho guhuza ubutaka? 

Muri iyi nkuru, turasobanura iki kibazo mu buryo bworoshye kandi dusobanure impamvu gushingira ku butaka ari ingenzi iyo bigeze ku gukoresha icyuma gikingira amashanyarazi. 

Umurinzi wo kuzamuka akora ate?

Imashini irinda ingufu ikora mu kumenya ingufu nyinshi hanyuma igahita iyikura mu bikoresho byawe byacometseho. Ibi ibikora yohereza ingufu zikomeye zinyuze muri Metal Oxide Varistor (MOV) ku mugozi wo hasi, ushyira ingufu mu butaka mu mutekano. Iyi gahunda yose iba mu masegonda make, ikarinda ikoranabuhanga ryawe kwangirika.

                                                                                         

                           Ubwoko bwa 2 bw'ingufu zo kurengera ikirere LKX-C20-385/1+1

Mu mutima wayo, ikintu cy’ibanze kirinda umuvuduko w’amashanyarazi kiba kirimo igice cyitwa Metal Oxide Varistor, cyangwa MOV. MOV ni ubwoko bwa valve ikoresha ingufu nke ku mashanyarazi. Mu miterere isanzwe y’amashanyarazi, ntacyo ikora. Iba aho gusa. Ariko iyo ibonye voltage iri hejuru cyane—nk’inkuba cyangwa switch y’amashanyarazi—ihita ikora.

MOV itanga inzira idafite imbaraga nyinshi kuri izo ngufu zirenze. Ariko kugira ngo iyo nzira ikore, ikeneye aho ijya. Aha niho insinga y'ubutaka ari ngombwa cyane. Ingufu ziteje akaga zinyuzwa muri MOV hanyuma zigashyirwa mu nsinga y'ubutaka, zigakwirakwiza ingufu mu butaka mu mutekano. Iyo nta butaka, MOV ntaho ishobora kohereza ingufu. Ingufu ntigira inzira yo guhungira, bityo ikomeza gusa muri televiziyo yawe ihenze, mudasobwa, cyangwa firigo, ikaranga imiyoboro yayo yoroheje.

Tekereza nk'umwuzure mu nzu yawe. Amazi ari kwiyongera. MOV ni pompe ikomeye. Ariko pompe ntacyo imaze niba idafite umuyoboro wo kohereza amazi hanze. Insinga yo hasi ni yo ikoreshwa mu gusohora amazi. Nta muyoboro? Amazi aguma mu nzu yawe, bigatera kwangirika gukomeye.

Ni uruhe ruhare rw'ingenzi insinga yo hasi igira mu kurinda isuri?

Insinga yo hasi ni yo gice cy'ingenzi cyane cy'uburyo bwose bwo kurinda umuvuduko w'amazi. Ni inzira yo gusohoka. Akazi kayo si ugutwara amashanyarazi mu gihe gisanzwe. Akazi kayo ni ukuba yiteguye ikibazo cyihutirwa, igatanga inzira yizewe kandi yihariye kugira ngo amashanyarazi ateje akaga ajye mu butaka, aho atazagira ingaruka mbi.

Iyo iyi nsinga ibuze, yangiritse, cyangwa ifatanye n'aho hasi hadakora neza, sisitemu iracika burundu. Ikingira ry'umuraba rishobora kuba ritariho. Abantu benshi ntibazi ko urumuri ruto ku murongo wabo w'amashanyarazi uvuga ngo "urinzwe" akenshi rugaragaza gusa ko ingufu zirimo gutemba, atari uko ubutaka bufatanye kandi bukora neza. Ibi bitanga igitekerezo cy'umutekano kidakwiye. Insinga yo hasi ni yo irinda guceceka; ntacyo ikora kugeza igihe ikijije byose.

Ese ibikoresho byose bikingira indwara y'ubwiyongere bw'umubiri bifite ishingiro?

Nabonye amashanyarazi menshi ahendutse mu iduka. Inyinshi muri zo si uko zisa, kandi iri ni itandukaniro rikomeye.

Oya, si ibikoresho byose bisa n'ibikingira ingufu mu by'amashanyarazi mu by'ukuri biba birinda ingufu mu by'amashanyarazi. Byinshi muri byo ni imigozi y'amashanyarazi yoroshye cyangwa insinga zo kwagura nta bice biyirinda ingufu mu by'amashanyarazi na gato. Ndetse no muri ibyo birinda ingufu mu by'ukuri, ubushobozi bwabyo bwo gukora bushingiye gusa ku kuba bicometswe mu muyoboro w'amashanyarazi uhamye. Nta butaka, nta burinzi na buke bitanga.

Iki ni ikintu gikomeye gitera urujijo. Umugozi w'amashanyarazi ni umugozi wongera imbaraga ufite amasoko menshi. Wongera uburyo bworoshye ariko nta burinzi. Umugozi w'amashanyarazi ni umugozi w'amashanyarazi utumana noneikubiyemo ibice by'imbere (nk'imashini ya MOV) byagenewe kuyobya ubukana bw'ingufu. Ubusanzwe ushobora kumenya ikingira ry'ingufu nyaryo ukurikije amanota ya **joules**—umubare ugaragaza ubushobozi bwayo bwo kwinjiza ingufu—ugomba kugaragara neza ku ipaki.

Ariko, kandi iki ni cyo gice cy'ingenzi, ibice by'imbere by'icyuma gikingira umuriro ntacyo bimaze niba aho gisohokera hadafite ubutaka bukwiye. Igikoresho ubwacyo gishobora kuba "gishingiye ku butaka", ariko imikorere yacyo ishingiye ku nsinga z'inyubako yawe. Ibi bivuze ko ushobora kugura icyuma gikingira umuriro gifite ubuziranenge kandi gishingiye ku butaka, ariko iyo ugishyize mu cyuma gishaje kandi kidashingiye ku butaka, kiba nta kindi kirenzeho uretse icyuma gitanga umuriro gihenze cyane. Buri gihe banza urebe aho gisohokera.

Ingaruka n'ibibazo by'umutekano byo gukoresha Surge Protectors Ungrounded

Gushyiramo agakoresho gakingira umuvuduko mu mwobo udafite umukungugu ni nko kwambara parachute idafatanye n'umugongo wawe. Bisa neza, ariko bizananirana igihe ubikeneye cyane.

Gukoresha icyuma kirinda umuvuduko w'amashanyarazi kidafite ubutaka ni akaga gakomeye. Bitera ibyago bikomeye by'inkongi y'umuriro kandi ntibitanga uburinzi ku bikoresho byawe bihujwe. Umuvuduko w'amashanyarazi urenze urugero nta nzira itekanye yo gusohokamo, bityo bizarenza amashanyarazi yawe kandi bikangiza ikoranabuhanga ryawe. Binateza ibyago bikomeye ku muntu wese uri hafi aho.

Ingaruka nyamukuru ni ukunanirwa kw'ibikoresho byose. Mu gihe cy'ubwiyongere bw'amashanyarazi, ingufu zigomba kujya ahantu runaka. Hatabayeho insinga yo hasi, inzira yonyine iboneka ni iyo kunyura mu bikoresho byawe. Ibi bishobora guhita byangiza imikorere y'amadirishya, disiki zikomeye, na ecran. Igihombo cy'amafaranga gishobora kuba kinini.

Byongeye kandi, ni ikibazo gikomeye cy'inkongi y'umuriro. Ingufu z'amashanyarazi zifatiwe mu mutego zishobora gushyushya insinga, gushonga insulation, no gutwika ibikoresho bikikije. Ingufu zirinda umuvuduko w'amashanyarazi ubwazo zishobora gushyuha cyane zigafata umuriro. Hari kandi n'ingaruka zikomeye z'amashanyarazi. Iyo umuvuduko w'amashanyarazi utumye insinga zikora ku gasanduku k'icyuma k'igikoresho, agasanduku gashobora kugira ingufu. Iyo hatabayeho ubutaka bwo gukubita icyuma gihagarika amashanyarazi, umuntu ukurikira gukora kuri icyo gikoresho ashobora kugira ikibazo gikomeye.

"Kudashingira ku butaka" bivuze iki ku murinda w'ubwiyongere bw'amazi?

Ibi bivuze ko aho washyize ingufuri nta nsinga y'ubutaka iba ifite. Ibi bikunze kugaragara mu mazu ashaje cyane afite aho asohokera habiri. Ingufuri y'amashanyarazi ifite agapira k'ubutaka ku gipfundikizo cyayo, ariko nta kintu na kimwe ifite cyo guhuza imbere mu rukuta. Urusobe rw'uburinzi rurafunzwe burundu kandi ntirukora.

"Ubutaka Bufunguye" Bisobanura iki ku Kirinda Kuzamuka?

"Ubutaka bufunguye" bivuze ko insinga y'ubutaka iri mu buryo bw'amashanyarazi, ariko hari aho icika cyangwa igacika hagati y'aho isohoka n'aho ihagarara (nk'inkoni yo gufunga). Ibi ni akaga kuko aho isohoka hashoboraKugaragaragushingwa, ariko inzira yaracitse, bituma itagira icyo imaze ku bw'umutekano.

"Ubutaka bubi" busobanura iki ku muntu urinda ubwiyongere bw'amazi?

"Ubutaka bubi" bivuze ko ubutaka buhari ariko ntacyo bukora. Ibi bishobora guterwa no kwangirika, isano iri hagati y’ubutaka n’ubutaka, cyangwa inkoni y’ubutaka ishyirwa mu butaka bwumye kandi bw’umucanga budatwara amashanyarazi neza. Ubutaka bubi bushobora gukora igice cyangwa ntibukore na gato mu gihe cy’umuyaga mwinshi, bigatuma habaho uburinzi budakwiye.

Icyifuzo cy'ingenzi: Ubuziranenge bw'ubutaka bugira ingaruka ku mutekano wa sisitemu

Ntabwo bihagije kugira insinga yo hasi gusa; ubwiza bw'iyo butaka ni ingenzi cyane. Ubutaka budakomeye cyangwa budashobora guhangana n'umuvuduko mwinshi vuba bihagije. Ingufu zishobora kubona inzira mu bikoresho byawe. Abahanga mu by'amashanyarazi barashobora gupima ubwiza bw'ubutaka kugira ngo barebe ko bwujuje ibisabwa mu by'umutekano.

Uburyo bwo kugenzura no kwemeza ko icyuma gikingira amazi gihagaze neza

Ntugatekereze ku mutekano wawe. Kugenzura aho uherereye ni inzira yoroshye ishobora kukurinda ibiza.

Ushobora kugenzura aho isoko yawe iherereye ukoresheje imashini ipima aho isoko iherereye ihendutse, iboneka mu iduka iryo ari ryo ryose ry’ibikoresho. Shyiramo imashini ipima aho isoko iherereye mu rukuta, maze izakoresha amatara atandukanye kugira ngo igaragaze neza niba isoko ifite ubutaka bukwiye, idafunze, cyangwa ifite ikindi kibazo cy’insinga nk’ubutaka bufunguye.

Igipimo cy'aho usohora amatara ni igikoresho gito kandi cyoroshye gifite amatara atatu. Usomye uburyo amatara ahurira, ushobora gusuzuma imiterere y'aho usohora amatara. Ni bwo buryo bworoshye kandi bwizewe ku muntu utari umuhanga mu by'amashanyarazi bwo kugenzura umutekano. Urugero, amatara abiri yihariye yaka ashobora gusobanura "ukuri," mu gihe andi matara atandukanye asobanura "ubutaka bufunguye." Imbonerahamwe iri kuri icyo gikoresho isobanura amatara yawe.

Iyo igikoresho cyawe cyo gupima kigaragaje ikibazo, ugomba guhagarika gukoresha uwo muyoboro w’amashanyarazi ako kanya ugahamagara umuhanga mu by’amashanyarazi wemewe kugira ngo agenzure kandi asane insinga zawe. Ntukirengagize izi mburira. Ku bikoresho byo kurinda insinga byo mu nzu yose byashyizwe ku gikoresho cyawe cy’amashanyarazi, gushingira hasi ni ingenzi cyane kandi bigomba kwemezwa n’inzobere mu gihe cyo gushyiraho.

Ibikoresho byo kurinda ubwiyongere bwa gari ya moshi ya DIN (Ubwoko bwa 1 n'Ubwoko bwa 2)

Ibi ni ibikoresho by’umwuga byashyizwe mu gikoresho cyawe gikuru gitanga serivisi z’amashanyarazi. Birinda inzu yawe yose. Gushyiraho si akazi kawe bwite. Umuhanga mu by’amashanyarazi ubifitiye ububasha agomba kubishyiramo, kandi azagenzura ko bihujwe n’agasanduku k’imodoka gakoreshwa mu butaka, gahujwe neza na sisitemu y’amashanyarazi yo mu rugo rwawe. Umuhanga mu by’amashanyarazi azagenzura ko inzira yose ari nziza.

Ibikoresho byo kurinda ingufu / ibyuma bikingira inkuta

Ibi ni ibikoresho by'abaguzi ushyira mu mwobo wo ku rukuta. Umutekano wabyo ushingiye gusa kuri uwo mwobo wo ku rukuta. Buri gihe koresha icyuma gipima aho wohereza umuriro usohoka ku rukuta mbere yo gufunga icyuma cyawe cyo kurinda umuriro. Ibyuma byinshi byiza byo kurinda umuriro bifite itara ry'uburinzi rituma umuriro uboneka iyo bibonye ikibazo cy'insinga, nk'ubutaka bubuze.

Uburyo bwo Gutera Inkwi ku Ruti rw'Ingufu mu Buryo Bwiza

Ntushobora "kongeraho" ubutaka ku gikingira cy'amashanyarazi ubwacyo. Ubutaka bugomba kuva kuri sisitemu y'amashanyarazi ihujwe nayo.

Ntushobora gusya imashini irinda umuriro wo mu mazi ubwayo; igomba gushongeshwa mu mashini y'amashanyarazi yamaze gusya. Uburyo bwonyine bwo gusya imashini irinda umuriro wo mu mazi ni ukugira umuhanga mu by'amashanyarazi wemewe kuvugurura insinga z'amashanyarazi zo mu rugo rwawe kugira ngo zishyiremo sisitemu irinda umuriro wo mu mazi, ukareba ko inzira zose zisimburana zisubira ku gice cy'ingenzi n'icyuma gikingira umuriro wo mu mazi.

Igikoresho cyo kurinda insinga ni igikoresho gikoresha ubutaka butangwa n'inyubako yawe. Niba inzu yawe ifite inzira ebyiri zo gucukura, hari amahitamo make, ariko imwe gusa ni yo ifite umutekano nyakuri:

1. Ongera ukoreshe amashanyarazi mu rugo rwawe (Uburyo bwiza):Hitamo umuhanga mu by'amashanyarazi kugira ngo akoreshe insinga nshya zirimo insinga zo hasi mu masoko yawe. Ubu ni bwo buryo bwonyine bwo kubona ishingiro ry'ukuri, ryizewe kandi rikurikiza amategeko.

2. Isoko ryo kugabanya ikibazo cy'umuvuduko w'amashanyarazi (GFCI) (Ivugurura ry'umutekano, atari iry'ubutaka):Umuhanga mu by'amashanyarazi ashobora gusimbuza umuyoboro udafite umuyoboro n'umuyoboro wa GFCI. Ibi ntibitanga ahantu ho kurinda umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi, ariko bizarinda amashanyarazi mu kuzimya umuriro mu gihe hagaragaye ikibazo. Ni uburyo bwiza bwo kuvugurura umutekano ariko ntibifasha umuyoboro wawe w'amashanyarazi gukora neza.

3. Ntugakoreshe Plug "y'uburiganya":Iyi ni adaptateri igufasha gushyiramo plagi y'ibice bitatu mu muyoboro w'ibice bibiri. Ifite agace gato k'icyuma gakwiye gushyirwa ku mupfundikizo w'umuyoboro w'ibice, atari ubutaka nyakuri. Ibi ni bibi cyane kandi nta butaka butanga bwiza bwo gukurura umuvuduko. Inyura mu bintu by'umutekano kandi igateza akaga gakomeye.

Ndashaka itsinda ry'abahanga mu by'ikoranabuhanga rishinzwe kurinda indwara zo mu bwonko — Leikexing Manufacturer

Ku nyubako nini, inganda, cyangwa ibigo by'amakuru, amashanyarazi adakoreshwa ku isoko ntabwo ahagije. Ukeneye uburyo buhuriweho.

Kugira ngo ubone uburinzi bwuzuye, ukeneye itsinda ry’inzobere rikora kandi rigatanga uburyo bwo kurinda umuvuduko w’amazi. Ibi birimo ubwoko bwa 1 (ibikoresho bifunga umuvuduko w’amazi) n’ubwoko bwa 2 (ibikoresho bikingira umuvuduko w’amazi) bikorana kugira ngo bihindure umuvuduko w’amazi ku muryango wa serivisi no mu nyubako yawe, byose bifite ingano ikwiye kandi bifite ishingiro kugira ngo bibe umutekano mwinshi.

Kurinda inyubako yose ni siyansi. Bikubiyemo gushyiraho ibikoresho ku rwego rutandukanye:

• SPD zo mu bwoko bwa 1zishyirwa ku muryango mukuru wa serivisi kugira ngo zihuze ingufu nyinshi zituruka ku nkuba cyangwa hafi aho.

• Ubwoko bwa 2 SPDszishyirwa ku duce duto kugira ngo zirinde uduce duto tw’imbere n’uduce duto turenga umurongo wa mbere w’ubwirinzi.

• Ubwoko bwa 3 SPDsni ibikoresho byo gukoresha (nk'imirongo y'amashanyarazi) bigamije kurinda neza ibikoresho runaka.

Inganda z’inzobere nka Leikexing ntizigurisha gusa ibicuruzwa; ahubwo zitanga ubufasha mu by’ubuhanga. Itsinda ryacu rigufasha gushushanya sisitemu ijyanye n’imiterere yihariye y’inyubako yawe, sisitemu y’amashanyarazi, n’imiterere y’ibyago. Turareba neza ko ibikoresho byose bihujwe neza, kandi ikiruta byose, ko sisitemu yose ihujwe na sisitemu ikomeye kandi idakomeye yo gufunga. Ubu buryo buhuriweho ni bwo buryo bwonyine bwo kurinda ibikorwa binini by’ubucuruzi n’inganda.

Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa

Ese ushobora gushyiramo agatambaro ko gusiga hasi mu cyuma gikingira ubwinshi bw'amazi?

Oya, ntugomba gushyiramo imashini yo gusimbuza ubutaka mu cyuma gikingira imirasire. Imashini zo gusimbuza ubutaka zagenewe guhuzwa neza n'aho zisohokera cyangwa aho zisohokera ubutaka. Kuzishyira mu cyuma gikingira imirasire bishobora kubangamira imikorere yazo kandi ntibisabwa n'abakora. Zisaba ko zihuzwa neza n'ubutaka.

“Byashyizwemo, bityo ndinzwe!” — Ese ibyo ni ukuri?

Oya rwose. Iki ni igitekerezo kibi. Gucomekaho umuriro si kimwe no kurindwa. Niba umurinzi w’umuraba ucometse mu mwobo udafite umutaka, cyangwa niba ibice byawo by’uburinzi byarangiritse bitewe n’umuraba muto wabanje (niyo mpamvu amanota ya joule), nta burinzi atanga. Itara "rinzwe" akenshi risobanura gusa ko rifite imbaraga.

Ese aho gusohora amazi cyangwa amashanyarazi bikoreshwa mu kurinda umuvuduko w'amashanyarazi ni kimwe n'aho gukingira umuvuduko w'amazi?

Oya, ibi ni ibintu bitandukanye. Aisoko ridafite icyuhoni uburyo bw'umutekano butanga inzira y'amashanyarazi anyura mu nzira kugira ngo hirindwe impanuka.agace k'amashanyarazini umugozi wo kwagura ufite amasoko menshi. Airinda umuvudukoni igikoresho kirimo ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga bikingira ubwiyongere bw'amashanyarazi. Ikirinda ubwiyongere bw'amashanyarazibisabaahantu ho gukorera hadakoreshejwe ingufu nyinshi.

Amazu yose mashya akoreshwa mu buryo bwikora?

Mu bihugu byinshi, amategeko y'amashanyarazi agezweho yamaze imyaka myinshi asaba ko imiyoboro y'amashanyarazi ikoreshwa mu kubaka amazu mashya ikoreshwa mu buryo burambye. Ariko, ubwiza n'uko ishyirwaho ryayo rikurikizwa birashobora gutandukana. Ni byiza gukoresha icyuma gipima imiyoboro y'amashanyarazi kugira ngo urebe niba imiyoboro mishya ifite insinga kandi ikoreshwa mu buryo bukwiye.

Ni gute wakwita ku mutekano w'ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga mu gihe inzu yawe idafite ubutaka buhagije?

Niba kongera gukoresha insinga z'amashanyarazi atari amahitamo ako kanya, ushobora gukoresha Uninterruptible Power Supplies (UPS) ifite uburinzi bw'insinga zubatswemo budashingiye gusa ku nsinga yo hasi. UPS nyinshi nziza zikoresha uburyo bwo kuyungurura n'ubundi buryo bwo gukumira insinga z'amashanyarazi. Ariko, kugira ngo ubone uburinzi bwiza, kuvugurura insinga z'urugo rwawe ni cyo gisubizo cyiza.

Umwanzuro

Ingufu zo kurinda amashanyarazi ntacyo zimaze zidafite ubutaka bwiza. Buri gihe menya neza ko sisitemu yawe y'amashanyarazi ifite ubutaka bukwiye kugira ngo igire umutekano nyakuri.